Northwest Forest Plan Oral History Collection

Trained as a geologist, Fred Swanson brought a physical processes perspective to work in forest and stream ecosystems and his work at the H.J. Andrews Experimental Forest led to his engagement in the Forest Ecosystem Management Assessment (FEMAT) on…

Tom Spies took a post-doc position with Jerry Franklin in 1983 to lead a study of old and young forests in the Pacific Northwest, which led to a career of it as a forest ecologist in the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the Forest Service,…

As a fisheries biologist for the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the US Forest Service, Gordon (”Gordie”) Reeves played important roles in several of the major processes for delivery of science information to policy makers, including the…

Martin (“Marty”) Raphael had a career as a wildlife biologist mainly with the Pacific Northwest Research Station of the US Forest Service, but his role as deputy to Jack Ward Thomas in management of the Ecosystem Management Assessment Team…

Norm Johnson, a pivotal, though sometimes behind-the-scenes, player in Pacific Northwest forestry policy and planning for many decades, begins this extensive, candid interview recounting his upbringing in Berkeley, California, and education…